Fluid-cooled two-stroke cycle internal combustion engine with cylinders mounted individually on the engine block



June 5. 1956 j KREM FLUID-COOLED TWO-STROKE CYCLE INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE WITH CYLINDERS MOUNTED INDIVIDUALLY ON THE ENGINE BLOCK Flled July 31 1953 l I l 4 A Hwy/I @1224??? INVENTOR JOHA/V/Y KAEMSER .1M ATTORNEYS FLUID-COOLED TWO-STROKE CYCLE INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE WITH CYLINDERS IE IOEZIETED INDIVIDUALLY ON THE ENGINE Johann Kremser, Hannover, Germany Application July 31, 1953, Serial No. 371,517

Claims priority, application Germany February 17, 1953 9 Claims. 01. 123-4118) The present inventionrelates to a fluid-cooled twostroke cycle internal combustion engine with the cylinders being mounted individually on the engine block.

It is one object of the present invention to provide a fluid-cooled two stroke cycle internal combustion engine with cylinders mounted individually on the engine block, in which a small overall length of the engine is achieved by mounting the cylinders close to each other. In accordance with this invention this is accomplished by providing the cylinders in the region of the scavenging receiver with cast-in cooling-water chambers.

So far, engines are known with the scavenging receiver in the engine block, and the cooling water chambers were also provided in the engine block.

It is another object of the present invention to provide an internal combustion engine of the mentioned type, in which in order to achieve a high cooling effect on the cylinders the cooling water chambers are arranged above and below the scavenging ports and are preferably connected with each other by means of suitable ducts on the side opposite the outlet ports only. This arrangement is of advantage, as the cylinders may be mounted close to each other, and the cooling water chambers do not influence the distance from cylinder to cylinder.

It is yet another object of the present invention to provide an internal combustion engine of the mentioned type, in which, in order to allow for a suflicient support and distance of the ducts for the cooling water chambers, the cast-in cooling water jacket is provided with particularly large core openings which may be closed afterwards by means of suitable covers.

It is still a further object of the present invention to provide an internal combustion engine in which the cylinder has a smaller outer diameter within the region of the scavenging ports than in the region of the cooling water chambers, which helps to reduce the overall length of the engine.

It is another advantage of the invention that by means of the special arrangement of the inlet and outlet ports an intense swirling of the air and the fuel is achieved, resulting in a thorough mixing of these two elements. According to this invention this is accomplished in that the ports arranged on the side of the outlet ducts have another inclination in relation to the cylinder axis than the corresponding ducts on the other side. In this way a screw-like swirl is produced when the scavenging air enters the cylinder, said swirl filling the cylinder in its total volume. The arrangement in accordance with the invention is of particular advantage in diesel engines. Here, through the swirling elfect, a perfect mixing of the scavenging air and the injected fuel is achieved, particularly when using a multiple-hole injection nozzle.

With these and other objects in view which will become apparent in the following detailed description, the present invention will be clearly understood in connection with the accompanying drawings, in which:

nitcd States Patent Figure l is a cross sectional view through the cylinder in the region of the inlet and outlet ports;

Fig. 2 is a cross sectional view taken along the lines 11-11 of Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is a cross sectional view taken along the lines III-III of Fig. 1; and

Fig. 4 is a cross sectional view similar to that shown in Fig. 2, showing another arrangement of the scavenging ports.

Generally, the cylinder comprises a cylinder sleeve -1, formed integrally of one piece together with the cooling water jacket 2. The cooling Water jacket 2' has, above the inlet ports 3 and the outlet ports 4, cooling water chambers 5 and 6 which enclose the cylinder sleeve 1. In order to enable an easy removal'of the cores for the cooling water chambers the cylinder is provided with large core openings 7, which may be closed by suitable covers.

In the region of the outlet ports 4 and on the opposite side the cooling water chambers 5 and 6 are connected with each other by means of connecting chambers 8 and 9, whereby said connecting chambers partly pass through and partly enclose the outlet ports 4. Anchor bolts, which are not depicted, passing through pipe 11 fix the cylinder head 10 to the engine block. Said pipes 11 and said cooling water chambers are arranged so that they do not influence the close distance between the cylinders. The cooling water chambers extend over the total height H of the scavenging receiver. Furthermore, the drawing clearly shows that the cylinder is of smaller outer diameter in the region of the ports than in the region of the cooling water chambers. When assembling the engine the various cylinders are mounted closely together in a position shown in Fig. l, the inlet ports 3 ending directly into the scavenging receiver which is not illustrated.

In an arrangement according to Fig. 4 the scavenging ports 3, on the side of the outlet ports 4, have another inclination in relation to the longitudinal axis of the cylinder than the scavenging ports 3 on the opposite side. The air currents entering the cylinder are displaced to each other in relation to the longitudinal axis of the cylinder and produce a twisting eifect when they meet each other.

While I have disclosed two embodiments of the present invention, it is to be understood that these embodiments are given by example only and not in a limiting sense, the scope of the present invention being determined by the objects and the claims.

I claim:

1. A port-controlled, fluid-cooled two-stroke cycle internal combustion engine comprising an engine block, individual cylinder units disposed independently from each other, said cylinder units being provided with air inlet and outlet ports and the major portion of said cylinder units being mounted outside of and secured to said engine block, a cylinder head for each of said cylinder units, and anchor bolts for fastening said cylinder head to said engine blockthereby clamping said cylinder units between their corresponding cylinder head and said engine block.

2. The port-controlled, fluid-cooled two-stroke cycle internal combustion engine, as set forth in claim 1, which includes a housing enclosing said cylinder units and forming a scavenging receiver, and in which said housing is mounted on said engine block.

3. The port-controlled, fluid-cooled two-stroke cycle internal combustion engine, as set forth in claim 1, in which said individual cylinder units comprise a cylinder liner extending into said engine block and a jacket enclosing said cylinder liner, and in which said jacket is cast integral with said cylinder liner and forms a coolant chamber surrounding said cylinder liner.

4. The port-controlled, fluid-cooled two-stroke cycle internal combustion engine, as set forth in claim 1, in which said individual cylinder units comprise a cylinder liner extending into said engine block and a jacket enclosing saidcylinder liner, and in which said jacket is cast integral with said cylinder liner and forms a coolant chamber surrounding said cylinder liner so that part of said coolant chamber is above said inlet and outlet ports of said cylinder unit and another part of said coolant chamber is below said inlet and outlet ports of said cylinder unit, and which includes passages to connect said coolant chambers with each other.

5. The port-controlled, fluid-cooled two-stroke cycle internal combustion engine, as set forth in claim 1, in which said individual cylinder units comprise a cylinder liner extending into said engine block and a jacket enclosing in which said cylinder liner, said jacket is cast integral with said cylinder liner and forms coolant chambers surrounding said cylinder liner, and in which passages are arranged on the side of the air outlet ports of said cylinder unit and diametrically opposite thereto, in order to connect said coolant chambers.

6. The portcontrolled, fluid-cooled two-stroke internal combustion engine, as set forth in claim 1, in which said individual cylinder units comprise a cylinder liner extending into said engine block and a jacket enclosing in which said cylinder liner, said jacket is cast integral with said cylinder liner and forms coolant chambers surrounding said cylinder liner, and in which passages are arranged on the side of the air outlet ports of said cylinder unit and diametrically opposite thereto in order to connect said coolant chambers, and in which core openings are of a size sufficient for easy removal of the cores necessary for the casting process.

7. A port-controlled, fluid-cooled two-stroke cycle internal combustion engine, comprising an engine block, individual cylinder units disposed independently from each other, and the major portion of said cylinder units being mounted outside of and secured to said engine block and provided with air inlet and outlet ports, one cylinder head for each of said cylinder units, and anchor bolts for fastening said cylinder head to said engine block, some of said air inlet ports having an inclination different from other of said ports in relation to the longitudinal axis of said cylinder to achieve an eflective turbulence of the incoming air.

8. The port-controlled, fluid-cooled two-stroke internal combustion engine, as set forth in claim 1, in which said individual cylinder units comprise a cylinder liner extending into said engine block, and a jacket encloses said cylinder liner and is cast integral with said cylinder liner, in which said jacket forms coolant chambers surrounding said cylinder liner, and in which pipes also are cast integral with said cylinder liner and said jacket, said pipes forming supports for said cylinder heads and being passed through by said anchor bolts.

9. The port-controlled, fluid-cooled two-stroke cycle internal combustion engine, as set forth in claim 1, in which said individual cylinder units comprise a cylinder liner extending into said engine block, and a jacket enclosing said cylinder liner and being cast integral with said cylinder liner, in which said jacket forms a coolant chamber surrounding said cylinder liner, and pipes also are cast integral with said cylinder liner and said jacket, said pipes forming supports for said cylinder heads and being passed through by said anchor bolts, and in which said air inlet and outlet ports, said coolant chambers and said pipes are arranged to the outer sides of said engine which enables a mounting of several cylinder units close to each other.

References, Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 

